Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations:

(≡ homotypic synonym, = heterotypic synonym, - autonym, I invalid designation)

• (-) Elymus canadensis var. canadensis L.
• (=) Elymus philadelphicus L.

Common names:

• Canada wild rye  (Source: Food Feed Crops US) - English
• Great Plains wild rye  (Source: F NAmer) - English
• élyme du Canada  (Source: F NAmer) - French
• centeio-silvestre-do-Canadá  (Source: pers. comm.) - Portuguese (Brazil)
• kanadaelm  (Source: Kulturvaxtdatabas) - Swedish

Economic Importance:

• Animal food: fodder (fide NRCS Cons Pl Mat 2001) forage
• Environmental:
• Weed: potential seed contaminant

Distributional Range:

Native

Northern America

• SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada, [Northwest Territories (s.w.)] United States [Alaska]
• EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Québec (s.), Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick]
• WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan (s.), Alberta, Manitoba (s.), British Columbia (s.)]
• NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
• NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
• NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
• SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arkansas, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina (w.), Tennessee, Virginia]
• SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
• SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California (n.), Nevada, Utah]
• NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Nuevo León]


Naturalized (natzd. elsewhere)

Other (exact native range obscure)

References:

1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) URL: www.skud.info
2. Baum, B. R. et al. 2012. Are the Great Plains wildrye (Elymus canadensis) and the Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus) conspecific? A study based on the nuclear 5S rDNA sequences. Botany 90:407-421. Note: this study tested "the hypothesis that Elymus canadensis and E. sibiricus are two separate species"; it found that samples of the former were significantly different from all specimens of the latter
3. Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, comps. 1962. Index to grass species.
4. Chester, E. W. et al. 1993-1997. Atlas of Tennessee vascular plants.
5. Cronquist, A. et al. 1972-. Intermountain flora.
6. Dewey, D. R. 1984. The genomic system of classification as a guide to intergeneric hybridization with the perennial Triticeae. Gene manipulation in plant improvement. Note: Plenum Publishing, New York.New York.
7. Englert, J. M. et al. 1999-. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators
8. Englert, J. 1999. New and upcoming native grass releases from the Eastern US Plant Materials Centers. Proceedings of the Second Eastern Native Grass Symposium, November 17-19, 1999. Baltimore, Maryland 2:132.
9. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). URL: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Elymus+canadensis&quantity=1 target='_blank'
11. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2
12. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
13. Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California
14. Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2.
15. Hitchcock, C. L. et al. 1955-1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest.
16. Kartesz, J. T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Note: with two varieties
17. Löve, Á. 1984. Conspectus of the Triticeae. Feddes Repert. 95:451.
18. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
19. Mason-Gamer, R. J. et al. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis of North American Elymus and the monogenomic Triticeae (Poaceae) using three chloroplast DNA data sets. Genome 45:991-1002. Note: this study included two USDA samples (PI 578675 & PI 531568) of Elymus canadensis
20. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1977. Atlas of the Flora of the Great Plains.
21. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
22. Mejía-Saulés, M. T. & P. Dávila A. 1992. Gramíneas Útiles de México. Cuad. Inst. Biol. 16
23. Radford, A. E. et al. 1964. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas.
24. Scoggan, H. J. 1978-1979. The flora of Canada, 4 vol.
25. Soreng, R. J. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48:284.
26. Wang, R. R.-C. 2011. Chapter 2. Agropyron and Psathyrostachys. Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, cereals 77-108. Note: this review mentioned the diversity of genome constitution in Triticeae, all types found in Elymus able to cross with wheat
27. Welsh, S. L. et al. 1993. A Utah flora.
28. Wofford, B. E. Database of Tennessee vascular plants (on-line resource). URL: https://herbarium.utk.edu/vascular/vascular-database.php?CategoryID=Monocots&FamilyID=Poaceae&GenusID=Elymus&SpeciesID=canadensis target='_blank'

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy).
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://gringlobal.iita.org/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=15032. Accessed 18 May 2024.