Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations:

(≡ homotypic synonym, = heterotypic synonym, - autonym, I invalid designation)

• Basionym: Cenchrus racemosus L.
• (≡) Lappago racemosa (L.) Honck.

Common names:

• European bur grass  (Source: BSBI) - English
• large carrot-seed grass  (Source: Grass SAfr) - English
• spike bur grass  (Source: F Iraq) - English
• stalked bur grass  (Source: Grass Tex) - English
• piprensargräs  (Source: Kulturvaxtdatabas) - Swedish

Economic Importance:

• Weed: potential seed contaminant;

Distributional Range:

Native

Africa

• MACARONESIA: Cape Verde, Spain [Canarias]
• NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
• NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan
• WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Central African Republic
• WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Mali, Mauritania
• SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Angola
• SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa

Asia-Temperate

• ARABIAN PENINSULA: Saudi Arabia
• WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey
• CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation, [Dagestan] Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia]
• MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan (s.w.), Turkmenistan

Asia-Tropical

• INDO-CHINA: Indochina, Thailand

Europe

• MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Switzerland
• EASTERN EUROPE: Moldova, Russian Federation, [Kalmykia, Astrakhan, Volgograd] Ukraine (incl. Krym)
• SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
• SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France (incl. Corsica), Spain (incl. Baleares)


Naturalized

Northern America

• United States

Southern America

• CARIBBEAN: Cuba, Jamaica
• SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina

References:

1. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman, & M. Hjertson. 2012. Svensk Kulturväxtdatabas, SKUD (Swedish Cultivated and Utility Plants Database; online resource) URL: www.skud.info
3. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. 1976-. Flora of Libya.
4. Arechavaleta, M. et al., eds. 2005. Lista preliminar de especies silvestres de Cabo Verde: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
5. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
6. Boulos, L. 1995. Flora of Egypt checklist.
7. Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959-. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae.
8. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
9. Columbus, J. T. et al. 2007. Phylogenetics of Chloridoideae (Gramineae): a preliminary study based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL-F sequences. Aliso 23:565-579.
10. Cufodontis, G. 1953-1972. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta.
11. Davis, P. H., ed. 1965-1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands.
12. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
13. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
14. Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58
15. Gould, F. W. 1975. The grasses of Texas
16. Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. 1993. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17.
17. Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds
18. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. 2008. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. Note: introduced
19. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. 2004. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres
20. Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. 1931-1941. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc.
21. Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper. 1953-1972. Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2.
22. Lazarides, M. 1980. The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia
23. Migahid, A. M. 1988-1990. Flora of Saudi Arabia, ed. 3.
24. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. 1970-. Flora of [West] Pakistan.
25. Peterson, P. M. et al. 2001. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): II. Subfamily Chloridoideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 41:221. Note: introduced
26. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. 1962-1963. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie.
27. Rechinger, K. H., ed. 1963-. Flora iranica.
28. Reeder, J. R. & C. Reeder. 1978. Tragus racemous in Arizona. Madroño 25:107-108.
29. Skvortsov, A. K., ed. 2006. Flora of the Lower Volga region 1:124-125.
30. Thulin, M., ed. 1993-. Flora of Somalia.
31. Tovar, Ó. 1993. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) del Perú. Ruizia 13:296.
32. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. 1966-. Flora of Iraq.
33. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea.
34. Tzvelev, N. N. 1976. Zlaki SSSR
35. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. 1994-. Flora of China (English edition). Note: it clarifies that Tragus racemosus does not occur in China
36. Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47
37. Plants of southern Africa: an online checklist.

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy).
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://gringlobal.iita.org/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=36823. Accessed 3 July 2024.