Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations:

(≡ homotypic synonym, = heterotypic synonym, - autonym, I invalid designation)

• (≡) Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf
• (=) Panicum barbinode Trin.
• Basionym: Panicum muticum Forssk.
• (=) Panicum purpurascens Raddi

Common names:

• buffalo grass  (Source: Blumea) - English
• Dutch grass  (Source: Blumea) - English
• giant couch  (Source: Blumea) - English
• Mauritius grass  (Source: Pl Res SEAs) - English
• Para grass  (Source: World Econ Pl) - English
• Scotch grass  (Source: Blumea) - English
• Scottish grass  (Source: Blumea) - English
• herbe de Para  (Source: Dict Rehm) - French
• Paragras  (Source: Dict Rehm) - German
• para-gurasu  (Source: F Okin) - Japanese Rōmaji
• hierba de Pará  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Spanish
• paraná  (Source: Cavanillesia Alt) - Spanish
• pasto Pará  (Source: Dict Rehm) - Spanish

Economic Importance:

• Animal food: fodder (as Brachiaria mutica) forage (as Brachiaria mutica)
• Environmental:
• Weed:

Distributional Range:

Cultivated

Southern America

• WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia
• SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina


Naturalized

Africa

• WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Mauritius, Reunion

Asia-Temperate

• EASTERN ASIA: Japan, Taiwan

Asia-Tropical

• INDO-CHINA: Thailand, Vietnam
• MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia

Australasia

• AUSTRALIA: Australia
• NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Northern America

• Mexico, United States

Pacific

• NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
• NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Marshall Islands, United States [Guam]
• SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: Cook Islands, French Polynesia
• SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, New Caledonia, Tonga, United States [American Samoa]

Southern America

• CARIBBEAN: Cayman Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, United States [Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, U.S.]
• CENTRAL AMERICA: Central America, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama
• NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela
• BRAZIL: Brazil
• WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador (incl. Galapagos Is.), Peru
• SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina


Other (probable origin tropical Africa)

References:

1. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
2. Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1-163. Note: = Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf
3. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
4. FNA Editorial Committee. 1993-. Flora of North America.
5. Giraldo-Cañas, D. 2011. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49:139-247.
6. Hammel, B. E. et al., eds. 2003-. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica
7. Harden, G. J., ed. 1990-1993. Flora of New South Wales.
8. Holm, L. et al. 1979. A geographical atlas of world weeds Note: = Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf
9. Howell, C. J. & J. W. D. Sawyer. 2006. New Zealand naturalised vascular plant checklist
10. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
11. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2
12. Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga. 1992. Revisión de las especies sudamericanas nativas e introducidas de los géneros Brachiaria y Urochloa (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae). Darwiniana 31:88.
13. Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga. 1993. Sinopsis del genero Urochloa (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) para Mexico y America central. Darwiniana 32:70.
14. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
15. Randall, R. P. 2007. The introduced flora of Australia and its weed status.
16. Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants
17. 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA) 4:64-65. Note: = Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf
18. Veldkamp, J. F. 1996. Brachiaria, Urochloa (Gramineae - Paniceae) in Malesia. Blumea 41:424-425.
19. Villaseñor, J. L. & F. J. Espinoza-Garcia. 2004. The alien flowering plants of Mexico. Diversity & Distrib. 10:113-123.
20. Wagner, W. L. et al. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands (on-line resource).
21. Weber, E. 2003. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds
22. Zon, A. P. M. van der. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun Note: = Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf

Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy).
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://gringlobal.iita.org/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=401380. Accessed 1 July 2024.